SHEILA MHLONGO
Ingabe izikole zethu zilungele ukufundisa iKhodingi neRobhothi?
U-2025 uletha ushintsho olubalulekile ohlelweni lwezemfundo, lapho uHlelo lweKhodingi neRobhothi lwamakilasi kusuka ku Grade -R kuye kuGrade-9, olwamenyezelwa ngoJuni 2024, luthatha indawo ezikoleni. Lokhu kuletha amathuba okuthuthukisa amakhono kulo mkhakha okhula ngokushesha, kanye nezinselelo ezintsha kothisha kanye nabafundi.
“Ikhono elidingeka ezweni lethu, imisebenzi engakhulisa umnotho wethu, futhi, okubalulekile, amathuba okuqala amabhizinisi adingeka kakhulu, kungathuthukiswa ngokwandisa ukufinyelela kwabafundi ezifundweni zobuchwepheshe nezoqeqesho lobungcweti,” kusho uMengameli uRamaphosa ngesikhathi se-Education Sector Lekgotla ngoJanuwari 2023.
Isidingo samakhono edijithali nolwazi lwezobuchwepheshe sesikhule ngokushesha ezimbonini eziningi eNingizimu Afrika, okugqamisa ukubaluleka kokuthi abafundi babe namakhono eKhodingi neRobhothi uma bengena emsebenzini. UMnyango Wezemfundo Eyisisekelo usuqalile ukuhlola uHlelo lweKhodingi neRobhothi ezikoleni zomphakathi, futhi ukuqeqeshwa kwabafundisi sekuyenzeka.
Lesi yisinyathelo esibalulekile nesihle ekuqinisekiseni ikusasa lohlelo lwethu lwezemfundo. Kodwa-ke, iningi lezikole zethu lishoda ngezinsiza kanye nabasebenzi (NgokweNorth West University, uhlelo luthwele ishodi labafundisi abangu-31,000), kanti cishe u-85% wezinkolo azitholi izinsiza ezanele. Lokhu kuphakamisa umbuzo wokuthi abafundisi bazoqeqeshwa kanjani ukufundisa iKhodi neRobhothi, futhi bazokwazi kanjani ukufundisa lesi sifundo sobuchwepheshe kubafundi, ikakhulukazi ezikoleni zasemakhaya.
Ukuze kubhekwe le nselelo entsha kwezemfundo, i-Oxford University Press South Africa isishicilele i-Illustrated Coding and Robotics Dictionary, enamagama abalulekile azosiza abafundisi, abafundi, nabazali noma abagcini ukuthi baqonde ulimi lweKhodi neRobhothi.
Ingabe izikole zethu zilungele ukufundisa lolu hlelo olusha?
Kube nokukhathazeka ngokuthi izikole ezingenazo izinsiza ezidingekayo, njengamathalawe omakhalekhompiyutha, zingakwazi yini ukufundisa kahle lesi sifundo. Nokho, uhlelo lwezifundo lwesigaba sokuqala lubheka iKhodi engenazo izinsiza zikagesi, okususa isidingo samakhompyutha noma ama-tablet kubafundi.
Uhlelo lwezifundo luhlose ukuthuthukisa amakhono okucabanga ngesistimu, ukucabanga okunzulu, ukuxazulula izinkinga, kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha. La makhono abalulekile angasiza ekunciphiseni igebe lamakhono ezweni lonke nakulo lonke izwekazi, eqinisekisa ukuthi abafundi bangakwazi ukufinyelela emisebenzini esezayo emikhakheni yobuchwepheshe.
Ukuze kufundiswe ulimi lobuchwepheshe, kubalulekile ukuthi abafundisi baqeqeshwe kahle kwiKhodi neRobhothi. Ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo nokwesekwa kuzoba kubalulekile ekuphumeleleni kwabafundi kulesi sifundo.
“Isigama sezobuchwepheshe nezimibono ezinzima kungazwakala njengolunye ulimi; amagama afana ne-‘algorithm’, ‘variable’, kanye ne-‘loop’ avame ukudida abafundi uma behlangana nawo okokuqala,” kusho uChristo Spies, uMfundi Wekilasi Lesi-6 kanye neNhloko Yesifundo seKhodi neRobhothi eCurro Durbanville. “Inselelo ayikho nje ekuchazeni lawa magama, kodwa ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi abafundi bayaqonda ukuthi asebenza kanjani ndawonye ekukhodini.”
Ukuqonda ngokujulile ama-algorithm, izimiso ezingenakuqondwa kalula, kanye nezimiso ezihlobene nakho kusiza abafundi ukuthi baxazulule izinkinga futhi bacabange ngokusungula izinto ezintsha. Lokhu kubanikeza amathuluzi okusebenzisa umcabango wekhompyutha (ukubona izindlela ezifanayo kanye nokuhlukanisa izingxenye ezihlukene) ngendlela ebonakalayo nephumelelayo, okuyisisekelo ekukhodini nasekwakheni amarobhothi.
Isixazululo sendabuko senkinga yedijithali
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi sekukhona isixazululo sokusiza abafundisi nabazali ukufundisa ulimi lobuchwepheshe lweKhodi neRobhothi futhi basize abafundi ukuba baqonde kahle.
I-Oxford Illustrated Coding and Robotics Dictionary, eshicilelwe ngoJuni 2024, inezincazelo zamagama akhethekile ahlobene neKhodi neRobhothi ezingeni leFoundation ne-Intermediate kanye neminye imigomo esetshenziswa nsuku zonke kwezobuchwepheshe.
“Le ncwadi yosizo ivumela abafundi ukuthi babheke amagama angajwayelekile, ithuthukise isigaba sabo sezobuchwepheshe nokwazi kwabo.” kusho uSpies, umhleli nombhali ohlanganyele kule ncwadi.
Le ncwadi:
- Ichaza imibono ngendlela elula
- Inikeza izincazelo ngolimi olulula ezihambisana nemifanekiso ukuze kuqondwe kangcono
- Iqukethe okuhlelelwe ukufundisa abafundi ngezilimi zokuhlela kanye nemibono yedijithali
Ngakho-ke iyisengezo esifanele ekufundweni kokubili kwe-theory nokusebenza ezikoleni noma emakhaya. “Ukuqaphela lencwadi kuyakhulisa ukuzethemba kwabafundi ekuqondeni nasekusebenziseni izimiso zokukodwa.”
Ukufakwa kweKhodi neRobhothi ezikoleni zomphakathi eNingizimu Afrika kubalulekile ukuze kufakwe amakhono edijithali abafundi azodingeka ezimbonini eziningi. Abafundisi kanye nabazali noma ababheki bangadlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ulwazi lwedijithali lwabafundi ngokufunda nokujwayelana nolimi lweKhodi neRobhothi ngokusebenzisa izinsiza ezifana ne-Oxford Illustrated Coding and Robotics Dictionary kanye nezinkundla eziku-inthanethi ezifana ne-Resolute Education’s Code the Nation.
Lolu utshalo-mali empilweni yabafundi nasekuthuthukisweni komnotho wedijithali wezwe.
Ngabe lenguqulo iyahambisana nalokho obukulindele? Ngingakwazi ukuyilungisa noma ngiyinikeze ngendlela ethile ethile oyifunayo?
