BONGIWE KHUMALO
Amalungelo abantu ayengesilona igama elabe libalulekile ngaphambili nakuba kuleminyaka yakamuva selikwazile ukuzuza ukuhlonipheka lapha eNingizimu Afrika.Igama elithi amalungelo lihambisana nelesakhamuzi, umthethosisekelo, amalungelo emvelo, amalungelo obuzwe, amalungelo abantu abayidlanzana, kanye nomthetho. Abantu baseNingizimu Afrika sebebala iminyaka engu-30 yentando yeningi kusukela kwaphela umbuso wobandlululo ngonyaka ka 1994.Lesisikhathi siqopha umlando wamalungelo abantu eNingizimu Afrika, njengoba kwaqedwa ubandlululo kanye nokucindezelwa kwabantu abamnyama uhulumeni wedlanzana labelungu.
Umthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika wenzelwa ukuthi uhambisane nomphakathi wesikhathi sangemuva kobandlululo ohambisana nenqubomgomo yentando yeningi ,ubulungiswa bezenhlalakahle,kanye namalungelo aqavile. Ayengenzelwanga kuphela ukuvikela amalungelo abantu nokunqinda amandla kahulumeni phezu kwabantu kodwa enzelwa ukuthi kube nokubusa ngokwentando yeningi okusobala, abantu bakwazi ukufuna izimpendulo kuhulumeni uma kunesidingo.
ISouth African Human Rights Commission (SAHRC), iyisikhungo sikahulumeni esenzelwe ukweseka umthethosisekelo ngokwentando yeningi ngokuthi iphromothe, ivikele iphinde iqaphe ukuthi amalungelo abantu awaphazamiseki ngaphandle kokwesaba nokuchema.Igunyazwe uMthethosisekelo waseNingizumu Afrika ukuthi ibhekele zonke izinto ezimayelana namalungelo abantu, iqaphe, iphinde ibhekane nezikhalazo ezimayelana namalungelo abantu bese ifuna ubulungiswa kulabo abancishwe ilungelo.Nakuba zikhona lezinyathelo kodwa abantu baseNingizimu Afrika bayaqhubeka nokuphila nalezingqinamba ezimayelana namalungelo abo. Izinto ezifana nobuphofu, ukucwaswa kwemiphakathi empofu ziyaqhubeka nokuba inkinga.Nangaphezu kwalokhu izwe liyaqhubeka nokuzabalaza ngezinto ezazenzeka ngesikhathi sobandlululo ezifana nokubandlululwa ngokwebala, nokungezwani. Lilonke abantu baseNingizimu Afrika baphethe okuhle okuzuziwe ngenxa yokuba namalungelo abantu ngokunjalo nezingqinamba eziyolokhu zikhona ngisho naseminyakeni ezayo.
Ngesikhathi iNingizimu Afrika ibuswa ngaphansi kombuso wobandlululo, ezomthetho zabe zivuna umthetho wobandlululo kanye nohlelo lokwehlukanisa abantu ngokobuzwe babo. “Iningi labantu abamnyama lalincishwe amalungelo abo. Isibonelo; abantu babengavunyelwe ukuvota, babencishwe ilungelo lobuzwe. Kodwa kwathi emva kombuso wobandlululo isimo sathi ukuba ngcono. Isigaba 9 soMthethosisekelo sikubeka ngokusobala ukuthi wonke umuntu unelungelo lokuthi angabandlululwa ngokwebala, ubuzwe, ubulili, ukukhulelwa, umbala, ukuthandana nobulili obufanayo, ubudala, ukukhubazeka, inkolo, indlela ozizwa ngayo,nokholelwa ngayo kanye nolimi. Nokho ubuphofu , ukangasebenzi, ubugebengu, kanye nenkohlakalo ohlelweni lwezempilo kanye nasemkhakheni wezemfundo kwenze kwaba nzima ukuthi abantu baseNingizimu bathole amalungelo abo abafanele.
Amanye amalungelo abantu lapha eNingizimu Afrika ilawo amayelana nokuvikelwa, ukungahlukunyezwa ngokobulili, ilungelo lemfundo, ilungelo lokuthola usizo lokwelashwa, ilungelo lokuthola amanzi kanye nokuthuthwa kwendle, amalungelo abafuduki kanye nababaleki, ubulili kanye nokuzala, ilungelo lempilo, ilungelo lokuvikelwa, ukusho ambalwa.
Umbiko wamalungelo abantu owathulwa uMyles Nadioo , wathi uhulumeni uvamile ukuwahlonipha amalungelo abantu; kodwa kukhona ukukhathazeka mayelana nokusetshenziswa ngendlakadla eyenziwa abezomthetho, uhlelo lwezomthetho, kanye nokucwaswa.Ngomhlaka 17 September iHuman Rights Watch yashicilele amakhasi angu 64 ombiko owabe umayelana nodlame oluphathelene nokucwaswa ngokobuzwe lapha eNingizimu Afrika, lelibhuku laliqukethe ngisho nobufakazi bezithombe zeVideo.
Nakuba uhulumeni wenza imizamo yokunqanda ukucwaswa ngokobuzwe lapha eNingizimu Afrika, Ama-Afrika nabomdabu waseNdiya kanye nabokufika kulelizwe basaqhubeka nokuhlukumezeka, ezinye izinkinga ezimayelananamalungeo abantu ilawa alandelayo:
- Ukubulawa abomthetho, impatho enesihluku eyenziwa uhulumeni.
- Izimo ezinobungozi ezibeka impilo yomuntu engozini yokufa emajele akuleli.
- Ukuboshwa ugcinwe ejele ngendlela enesihluku.
- Impatho engeyinhle embesenzini
- Ukungatholi usizo lokwelashwa, amanzi, ukudla kanye nokuphepha emphakathini
- Izinga eliphansi lokuthola izidingo ezweni lonke
Ezinye zezinto ezibalulekile ezithinta amalungelo abantu ezitholwe ukunconywa abantu baseNingizimu Afrika.
Ukulingana: Abantu baseNingizimu Afrika bayawubona umehluko mayelana nesethembiso sokungacwaswa ngokobuhlanga, ukungacwaswa ngokobulili, kanye nomphakathi olinganayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa, ukubhekana nezigameko zokwephulwa komthetho ezenzeka ngesikhathi sobandlululo kanye nokusebenzela ukuthi kuphele ukucwasa kwanoma uluphi uhlobo.
Inkululeko yokukhuluma: Abantu baseNingizimu Afrika bathokozela ilungelo lokukhuluma ngokuthanda kuhlanganisa inkululeko yabezindaba, inkulumo, kanye nokuhlanganyela.Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izintatheli kanye nezishoshovu ezilwela amalungelo zikhululekile ukwenza umsebenzi wazo ngaphandle kokwesaba noma ukuhlukunyezwa.
Amalungelo abantu abaphila impilo emayelana ne LGBTQ+: Abantu baseNingizimu Afrika bayakubona ubungcono mayelana nokwamukeleka kanye nokuvikelwa kwamalungelo alabo abaphila emphakathini oyi-LGBTQ+ lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqeda nya ngokucwaswa kanye nezenzo zodlame ezibhekiswe emphakathini we LGBTQ+ nokwamukela imishado yabantu bobulili obufanayo.
Ukuthola usizo lwezomthetho:Abantu baseNingizimu Afrika bayakubona ubungcono mayelana nokuthi bonke abantu banelungelo lokuthola usizo lwezomthetho, nokuthi ezomthetho zivuna bonke abantu, lokhu okuhlanganisa izindaba ezithinta ukuphathwa ngesihluku amaphoyisa, inkohlakalo kanye namajele agcwele ngokweqile.
Njengoba iNingizimu Afrika igubha iminyaka engu-30 yathola inkululeko ,basebenzela ukuqhubeka bakhe umphakathi olinganayo kanye nomphakathi wentando yeningi, ehlonipha ivikele amalungelo abo bonke abantu. Kodwa zisekhona izinto ezidinga ukwenziwa ngcono ukuze kube nokuhlonishwa ngokwanele kwamalungelo abantu bonke baseNingizimu Afrika.
UBongiwe Khumalo ungumcwaningi kanye nothisha , ubhala lombono ngokuzimela.
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