UNgqongqoshe wezobuLungiswa nokuThuthukiswa koMthethosisekelo, uMmamoloko Kubayi, ngesikhathi ethula inkulumo esidlweni sakusihlwa sokwamukela izithunywa ebezihambele iNgqungquthela Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yokufinyelela Kwezobulungiswa (Access to Justice International Conference),
SHEILA MHLONGO
Ukufinyelela kwezobulungiswa kuyilungelo eliyisisekelo lawo wonke umuntu, okufanele libonakale futhi lizwakale empilweni yansuku zonke yezakhamuzi.
Lokhu kushiwo uNgqongqoshe wezobuLungiswa nokuThuthukiswa koMthethosisekelo, uMmamoloko Kubayi, ngesikhathi ethula inkulumo esidlweni sakusihlwa sokwamukela izithunywa ebezihambele iNgqungquthela Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yokufinyelela Kwezobulungiswa (Access to Justice International Conference), ngoLwesithathu kusihlwa.
Le ngqungquthela ibanjelwe eSun City, esifundazweni saseNyakatho Ntshonalanga, kanti kulindeleke ukuthi iphothulwe ngasekupheleni kwaleli sonto. UMengameli Cyril Ramaphosa ubekulindeleke ukuthi ethule inkulumo yokuyivula ngokusemthethweni.
UNgqongqoshe uthe kubalulekile ukuthi ababambe iqhaza kule ngqungquthela baphume benombono ofanayo wokuthi ubulungiswa abuyona indaba yabameli namajaji kuphela, kodwa buyisisekelo sokwakhiwa kwemiphakathi enokuthula.
“Asiphume kule ngqungquthela sibumbene ngokukholelwa entweni eyodwa: ukuthi ubulungiswa abuyona indaba yabameli namajaji kuphela. Buyisisekelo semiphakathi enokuthula, buyisivikelo sesithunzi somuntu, buvikela inkululeko futhi buyibhuloho elixhumanisa izithembiso zoMthethosisekelo nezimo abantu ababhekana nazo empilweni yabo.
“Uma ubulungiswa bufinyeleleka, amalungelo aba nomthelela obonakalayo. Uma amalungelo esebenza, abantu bathola amandla okuzithuthukisa. Ukuthuthukiswa kwabantu kuholela ekuchumeni, kanti lapho imiphakathi ichuma ngaphansi kokubusa komthetho, isithembiso sentando yeningi siyafezeka,” kusho uKubayi.
IMINYAKA ENGAMA-30 YOMTHETHOSISEKELO
Le ngqungquthela iqondana nokugujwa kweminyaka engama-30 yoMthethosisekelo wentando yeningi waseNingizimu Afrika, okuyinto uNgqongqoshe ayichaze njengesikhumbuzo sokuthi kusamele kwenziwe umsebenzi omkhulu ekuqinisekiseni ubulungiswa kubo bonke abantu.
Uthe lesi sikhathi akumele sigcine ngokuba umgubho kuphela, kodwa kufanele sikhuthaze izinyathelo ezizokwenza amalungelo abantu afinyeleleke kalula.
“Sengathi izizukulwane ezizayo zingabheka emuva kulesi sikhathi zithi senza okungaphezu kokugubha iminyaka engama-30 yentando yeningi esekelwe kuMthethosisekelo.
“Sivuselele inhloso yawo, sandisa ukufinyeleleka kwawo futhi senza isithembiso sobulungiswa sasondela kubo bonke abantu. Ubulungiswa akumele nanini bube yilungelo labambalwa kuphela, kodwa kufanele bube yilungelo wonke umuntu azalwa nalo,” kugcizelela uKubayi.
UNgqongqoshe uveze ukuthi eminyakeni engama-30 edlule, uhulumeni usebenze ukuvala igebe phakathi kwezithembiso zoMthethosisekelo nezimo abantu ababhekana nazo nsuku zonke.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuqedwa kwemithetho eyayisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sobandlululo, ukuhlelwa kabusha kwemingcele yezindawo ezihlinzekwa yizinkantolo ukuze izinsiza zezobulungiswa zisondele emiphakathini, kanye nokusungulwa kwezinkantolo ezikhethekile.
Lezi zinkantolo zibhekana namacala odlame lwasekhaya, amacala ocansi kanye nezimangalo eziphathelene namalungelo omhlaba.
Uphinde waveza ukuthi izinsiza ezihlinzekwa yiLegal Aid South Africa kanye namaHhovisi Omphakathi Ezeluleko (Community Advice Offices) zisize kakhulu ekwandiseni ukufinyeleleka kwezobulungiswa kubantu abampofu nabangenawo amandla okukhokhela abameli.
UBULUNGISWA ABUQALI ENKANTOLO KUPHELA
UNgqongqoshe uKubayi uthe abantu bahlangabezana nezindaba zobulungiswa kudala ngaphambi kokuba bangene enkantolo.
“Umhlaba ubhekene noshintsho olukhulu endleleni okuqondwa ngayo ubulungiswa. Esikhathini esedlule, ukufinyelela kwezobulungiswa kwakuvame ukubhekwa njengokukwazi ukuya enkantolo kuphela.
“Nakuba izinkantolo zisabalulekile ekuvikeleni uMthethosisekelo nokubusa komthetho, sesifundile ukuthi abantu bahlangabezana nobulungiswa ngaphambi kokuba bangene enkantolo,” kusho uKubayi.
Uthe ubulungiswa bubonakala lapho umuntu oyisisulu sobugebengu ebika icala, lapho owesifazane efaka isicelo somyalelo wokuvikelwa, nalapho ingane ithola usizo lwezomthetho.
Uveze ukuthi ohulumeni nezikhungo zezobulungiswa emhlabeni wonke seziya ngokuya zamukela indlela yokusebenza ebeka abantu eqhulwini.
“Le ndlela ayiqali ngokubheka izikhungo, kodwa iqala ngokubheka abantu. Ayigxili kuphela ezinqubweni, kodwa igxila emiphumeleni etholwa abantu,” kusho uNgqongqoshe.
UBUCHWEPHESHE AKUMELE BUSHIYE ABANYE ABANTU NGAPHANDLE
Nakuba uKubayi ekwamukele ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe besimanje, ukufakwa kwamaphepha ezinkantolo ngezindlela zedijithali kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa (Artificial Intelligence – AI), uxwayise ngokuthi kufanele kubhekwane nokungalingani ekufinyeleleni ku-inthanethi nasekuqondeni ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe.
Uthe ubuchwepheshe kufanele busize ekunciphiseni amacala asalinde ukuqulwa ezinkantolo futhi benze izinsiza zezobulungiswa zifinyeleleke kalula.
“Emhlabeni wonke sibona izindlela ezintsha zobuchwepheshe eziguqula izinhlelo zezobulungiswa futhi zinciphise izithiyo ekufinyeleleni kuzo.
“Izinhlelo zokuxazulula izingxabano ku-inthanethi zenza kube lula futhi kungabizi kakhulu ukuthola izixazululo. Izikhungo zezobulungiswa ezisemiphakathini ziletha izinsiza eduze kwabantu, kanti ezinye izindlela zokuxazulula izingxabano zisiza ekunciphiseni umthwalo wezinkantolo,” kusho uKubayi.
Uthe ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zedijithali, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, ukufakwa kwamaphepha ezinkantolo nge-elekthronikhi, ukuqulwa kwamacala ngezinkundla ze-inthanethi kanye nokuxazululwa kwezingxabano ku-inthanethi kunamandla amakhulu okwenza ubulungiswa busheshe futhi bufinyeleleke kalula.
Nokho, uxwayise ngokuthi uma lezi zinguquko zenziwa ngaphandle kokubhekana nokungalingani kokutholakala kwe-inthanethi, izindleko zobuchwepheshe, ukufinyeleleka kwezinsiza kanye namakhono okusebenzisa izinhlelo zedijithali, kungagcina kudaleke ezinye izithiyo ezintsha.
“Umgomo wethu kufanele kube ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuvala igebe ekufinyeleleni kwezobulungiswa, hhayi ukuliguqula libe yigebe ledijithali.
“Ngokufanayo, njengoba ubuhlakani bokwenziwa buqhubeka nokusetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphathweni kwezobulungiswa, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kufanele iqhubeke nokusekelwa ekuhlonishweni kwamalungelo abantu, ekusebenzeni ngokusobala, ekuziphenduleleni nasekuzimeleni kwezinkantolo,” kuchaza uKubayi.
INKOHLAKALO IBUKELA PHANSI UKWETHEMBEKA KWEZOBULUNGISWA
UNgqongqoshe uphinde wagcizelela ukuthi ukufinyelela kwezobulungiswa kuncike ekwethembeni komphakathi, ekusebenzeni ngobuqotho nasekuziphenduleleni kwezikhungo.
Uthe inkohlakalo nokwehluleka kwezikhungo ukwenza umsebenzi wazo ngendlela efanele kubukela phansi ithemba labantu lokuthi bazophathwa ngokulinganayo nokuthi umthetho usebenza ngendlela efanayo kuwo wonke umuntu.
“Inkohlakalo nokwehluleka kwezikhungo kwenza abantu bangabe besazethemba ukuthi izikhungo zizosebenza ngobulungiswa nokuthi umthetho usebenza ngokulinganayo.
“Isakhamuzi kufanele sikwazi ukukholelwa ukuthi akekho umuntu ongaphezu komthetho nokuthi uhlelo lwezobulungiswa luzosebenza ngokuzimela, ngokulandela umthetho, ngaphandle kokwesaba, ukuchema noma ukubandlulula,” kusho uKubayi.
Uthe ngenxa yalokho, ukusebenza ngobuqotho, ukuziphendulela, ukushushiswa kwamacala ngendlela efanele, ukubuyiswa kwempahla etholwe ngobugebengu kanye nokusebenzisana kwamazwe ngamazwe akuzona izinto ezihlukene nokufinyelela kwezobulungiswa.
“Kunalokho, lezi zinto ziyizisekelo ezibalulekile zohlelo lwezobulungiswa,” kugcizelela uNgqongqoshe.
KUNXUSWA UKUVIKELWA KWAMALUNGELO NENKULULEKO
UKubayi ukhumbuze izithunywa ukuthi ngesikhathi iNingizimu Afrika ingena ohlelweni lwentando yeningi eminyakeni engama-32 edlule, owayenguMengameli wezwe, uNelson Mandela, wanxusa isizukulwane ngasinye ukuthi sivikele inkululeko eyatholakala ngomzabalazo onzima.
Uthe isizukulwane sanamuhla sithwele leso sibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthi amalungelo abantu awagcini ngokubhalwa emthethweni kuphela, kodwa ayasetshenziswa futhi ayavikelwa.
“Isizukulwane sethu sizuze lesi sibopho. Akumele sivikele inkululeko kuphela, kodwa kufanele sijulise ubulungiswa.
“Akumele sivikele amalungelo kuphela, kodwa kufanele siqinisekise ukuthi ayasebenza empilweni yabantu. Akumele siqinise izikhungo kuphela, kodwa kufanele siqinisekise ukuthi zisebenzela abantu ezasungulelwa bona.
“Njengoba sigubha iminyaka engama-30 yentando yeningi esekelwe kuMthethosisekelo, masizibophezele kabusha embonweni owaholela ekusungulweni kwawo, okuwukwakha umphakathi osekelwe ekuhlonishweni kwesithunzi somuntu, ekulinganeni nasenkululekweni,” kuphetha uKubayi.
Umthombo: SAnews.gov.za
